EU – The European Union
Why was the EU created and when did it happen? It all started as a peace project in Europe, but there have been many challenges.
From war to peace
After the First and Second World Wars, Europe had been destroyed by many years of war.
The French minister, Robert Schuman, suggested a union called The European Coal and Steel Community in 1950. The aim of this was to bring countries together by trade and economy instead of going to war against each other.
It started on 25 July 1952 and was the start of the EU we know today.
The first countries to join the Union were Germany, France, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg.
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The four freedoms of the EU
The goal of the four freedoms was to create free movement of goods, services, capital and people within the Union. It came from an agreement called The Treaty of Rome in 1957.
The four freedoms of the EU include
- … the freedom to create and offer services. If a town wants to build a new town hall, they need people to offer their service. All companies within the EU can then compete for the contract to build it.
- … free movement of capital. Money can be placed in banks anywhere within the EU.
- … free movement of goods. EU countries can sell their goods to other EU countries without the need to pay any extra duties (fees).
- … free movement of people. Any person who is an EU citizen is allowed to move to another EU country to work or study.
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